As part of his duties in the German cities of Weimar and Leipzig, composer Johann Sebastian Bach wrote cantatas, long sectional compositions for soloists, chorus, and orchestra performed in church services. Each cantata is based on a Lutheran hymn tune, which is divided into phrases and distributed throughout the work. The cantatas end with a choral setting of the hymn's final verse, as in this example from
A Mighty Fortress is Our God (begun 1715).
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